Hebrews, Israelites, and Jews

Jewish people have been called by different names at different times in history: Hebrews, Israelites, and Jews. Each name tells a story about who they were during that period.

Hebrews

The first name used was “Hebrews.” This word may come from a man named Eber, an ancestor of Abraham, or from a word meaning “to cross.” The Hebrews were known for crossing rivers on their journeys.

Abraham, who is considered the father of the Hebrews, lived near the Euphrates River around 1800 BCE (a very long time ago). God told him to leave his home and travel to a new land, Canaan. Abraham, his family, and followers crossed the Euphrates River and went to Canaan, which later became known as the Promised Land. This marked the beginning of the Hebrews’ story.

Israelites

Later, Abraham’s grandson Jacob (also called Israel) had twelve sons. Their families became the Twelve Tribes of Israel.From then on, the people were called Israelites. This name is used in stories about their escape from slavery in Egypt, their wandering in the desert, and the time when they built a kingdom under Kings David and Solomon.

Jews

Today, Jewish people are most often called Jews. The name comes from “Judah” (Yehuda in Hebrew), which was one of the ancient Jewish kingdoms. Over time, “Jew” became the word used for all people of Jewish identity, no matter their traditions or background.

Summary

• Hebrews → the earliest ancestors, starting with Abraham.

• Israelites → the descendants of Jacob (Israel) and the Twelve Tribes.

• Jews → the name still used today, linked to the kingdom of Judah.

All three names remind Jewish people of their long history, their traditions, and their deep connection to the land of Israel.